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:''This page is about the Latin praenomen. For the 3rd-century usurper, see Proculus. For any of several saints named Proculus, see Saint Proculus (disambiguation).'' Proculus is a Latin ''praenomen'', or personal name, which was most common during the early centuries of the Roman Republic. It gave rise to the patronymic ''gentes Proculeia'' and ''Procilia'', and later became a common ''cognomen'', or surname. The feminine form is ''Procula''. The name was not regularly abbreviated.〔''Dictionary of Greek & Roman Biography & Mythology''〕〔''Realencyclopädie der Classischen Altertumswissenschaft''〕〔George Davis Chase, "The Origin of Roman Praenomina", in ''Harvard Studies in Classical Philology'', vol. VIII (1897)〕 Proculus was an uncommon name, but was occasionally used by both patrician and plebeian families. Those known to have used it included the Betutii, Geganii, Julii, Sertorii, and Verginii; and naturally Proculus must once have been used by the ancestors of the ''gentes Proculeia'' and ''Procilia''. Other families which later used the name as a cognomen may originally have used it as a praenomen. The scholar Marcus Terentius Varro described Proculus as an archaic praenomen, which was no longer in general use by the 1st century BC. As a cognomen, however, Proculus was still common, and it became even more so during imperial times.〔''Dictionary of Greek & Roman Biography & Mythology''〕〔''Realencyclopädie der Classischen Altertumswissenschaft''〕〔Marcus Terentius Varro, quoted in ''De Praenominibus'' (epitome by Julius Paris)〕 ==Origin and Meaning of the Name== According to Festus, the name Proculus was originally given to children who were born while their fathers were away. Chase believes that this is a false etymology, and points out that the praenomen appears to be a diminutive of another word, such as ''procus''. The usual translation of this word is ''a suitor'', but Festus also mentions that ''procus'' was an archaic form of ''procer'', "a prince."〔Sextus Pompeius Festus, epitome by Paulus Diaconus〕〔George Davis Chase, "The Origin of Roman Praenomina", in ''Harvard Studies in Classical Philology'', vol. VIII (1897)〕 Another possibility is that Proculus is a diminutive of ''Proca'', the name of one of the kings of Alba Longa. In that case, Proca would also be an ancient praenomen. Of course, it is entirely possible that ''Proca'' is derived from the same root as ''procus'' and ''procer''.〔Titus Livius, ''Ab Urbe Condita'', book I〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Proculus (praenomen)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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